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C1S
(Coated One Side)
Cover or text paper coated on one side only; for covers and dust jackets.
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C2S
(Coated Two Sides)
Cover or text paper which has been coated on both sides.
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Cancel
Undesired blank pages on a printed sheet which are to be removed, either by
cutting from the sheet before folding or removal by hand after folding.
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Cap
and Lower Case (C and LC)
Marking on a manuscript calling for the use of capital and lower case letters;
all primary words in a sentence begin with a capital letter.
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Caps
Upper case letters; capitals.
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Caption
The description accompanying an illustration, for explanation or identification.
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Caret
A triangular symbol (^) used in writing or in proof-reading, to indicate where
a change is to be inserted.
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Case
The covers of a hardbound book, consisting of paper or cloth over binder boards.
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Casebinding
Binding in which the cover is made separately and consists of rigid or flexible
boards covered with cloth, paper or other material in such a manner that
the covering material surrounds the outside and edges of the board. Covers
always project beyond the edges of the text pages; also called Edition
Binding or Hardcover Binding.
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Casebound
A book bound with a hard (stiff) cover; also called Hardbound or Clothbound.
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Casemaker
A machine that produces finished cases from raw materials (paper or cloth,
boards and backstripping) which have first been cut to the proper size.
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Casing
In-The operation of applying paste or glue to the endsheets of a book, inserting
the sewn and trimmed text into the case (cover) and building-in using hydraulic
presses to secure the books while drying.
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Catalog
Rate
A special fourth class mailing rate.
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CD-ROM
(Compact Disk-Read Only Memory)
A computer medium capable of storing 650 megabytes or 1.3 gigabytes of compressed
data. This format allows the data to be retrieved repeatedly, but cannot be
edited or altered in any way.
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Center
Spread
The facing pages in the center of a signature; also called Natural Spread.
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Centerline
or Center Mark
A short line applied to copy, a page negative or a negative flat to indicate
the center of the trim margins of a page or a form; also used for registration.
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Certified
Mail
Mail which provides for a record of delivery to be maintained by the Post Office
from which the mail is delivered. The carrier delivering the item obtains a
signature from the addressee. There is a charge for Certified Mail. If a return
receipt is requested, an additional fee is charged.
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Change
Request
A form used to convey in structions or specifications pertaining to an order
in process, or information affecting the status or schedule of such an order.
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Check
Copy
(1) A folded and gathered, but unbound, copy of a book sent to a customer for
approval before binding.
(2) The gathered, trimmed copy which is inspected and approved
by Quality Assurance prior to any binding operation; used as a
guide
in the bindery
for assembling
in the proper sequence, including inserts, furnished items, etc.;
also called F & G.
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Choke
In negative preparation, the photographic means used to close in and reduce
the thickness of the printing detail; also called Shrunk Negative. It is
also used to provide a printing overlap between a colored or tinted background
and the display matter. This is the opposite of a spread negative.
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Choke
trap
Also known as a pinch trap; will take
an image and create a slightly smaller version
to overlap other image area.
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Chokes
See: Trap
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Chroma
The brightness of a color
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Chromalin
Proof
A proprietary term for a color proof process employing
a photosensitized clear plastic. Color separation negatives
are exposed in such a way that process
color will adhere to dots on the plastic. One sheet of plastic is exposed for
each process color, treated with the separate process colors, placed in register,
then laminated. Color may be very accurate, but is subject to variation due
to exposure and application of the process color. Used to check register; obvious
blemishes and size.
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Chromaticity
A color classification based on a colors dominant wavelength
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Chromaticity
Diagram
Also called the CIE diagram, it is a two dimensional
plot of the three dimensional color space of a particular process
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Cicero
A type measurement equivalent to 12 Didot points (4.51 mm)
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Clip
Art
Pre-designed graphics that can be cut and pasted
electronically into your document. Also, a set of non-copyrighted
or public domain graphic images, photographs,
maps, or line art, usually on disk, that you can import into publishing or
presentation software and incorporated into other documents.
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Close
Register
Low trap allowance, requiring press printing
position accuracy of ± 1/2 row
of dots; also known as Tight Register or Hairline Register.
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Closed
Head
The top of the signature produced by a fold, presenting
a solid surface when opened at the center; the signature can
be opened easily and accurately, for
rapid feeding.
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Cloth
Woven fabric, finished in various ways; used with binder boards
to make cases.
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Clothbound
See: Case bound.
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CMYK
(Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black)
The primary colors used together in printing to
effectively create a multitude of other colors. Based on the
subtractive color theory; the primary colors
used in four color printing processes.
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Coated
Paper
Paper with mineral and chemical substances applied
to the surface to achieve higher opacity, brightness and special
properties for printing; produced in
glossy or dull (matte) finishes.
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Coating
(1) The mineral substances such as china clay, blanc fixe, satin
white, etc. used to cover the surface of paper, thus making the
coated surface of enameled
papers.
(2) In photography and photomechanics, application of varnishes and other
mixtures to plates and negatives.
(3) Application of light-sensitive solutions to plate surfaces.
(4) An emulsion, varnish or lacquer ap-plied over a printed surface to give
it protection.
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Collate
(1) Gathering (assembling) sections (signatures) in a predetermined
order for binding.
(2) To assemble multiple books or other items to form a complete set.
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Collating
Marks
Markings (a rule, rectangle or similar mark) on
the outside of the fold of each signature. When signatures
are collated, these marks align diagonally.
A missing mark indicates an omitted signature; two side by side represent a
duplication.
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Collect
Shipment
A shipment for which freight charges are billed
by the carrier to the consignee.
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Collotype
A screenless printing process; reproduces illustrations in continuous
tone without halftone dots.
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Colophon
(1) Trade emblem or device of a printer or publisher. See: Logo.
(2) An inscription page sometimes found at the end of a book,
listing details pertaining to production of the book, or the
printer's imprint.
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Colophon
A section typically found at the end of a book that indicates
the technical details of the product. Items listed include the
fonts used, the paper
stock used, and equipment used to manufacture the book.
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Color
(of paper)
A characteristic achieved by dying paper in various
hues, often in shades exclusive to a particular mill. Paper
color affects readability and color reproduction.
White sheets are considered to have color, varying in tones from blue to yellow
to pink.
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Color
Bar
A control strip printed on the edge of a press
sheet, for visual and densitometer checking of ink color and
density. It consists of small blocks of each color,
graded halftone tints and overprints of the color.
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Color
Build
A color made by using screen tints of two or more
process colors (CMYK). For example, Green using dots of process
Yellow and process Cyan.
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Color
Correction
Any method such as masking, dot-etching, re-etching,
and scanning, used to improve color rendition.
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Color
Difference
The visual discrepancy between two colors; sometimes
measured in Delta E values
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Color
Gamut
A physical plot of mathematical equivalencies of
perceived color, these gamuts are used to determine every possible
color combinations available for the colors
used
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Color
Key
An overlay proof composed of an individual colored
acetate sheet for each color; used to check register, obvious
blemishes and size.
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Color
Perception
The manner in which the eye distinguishes color
based on hue, brightness and saturation.
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Color
Process Printing
A reproduction of color made by means of photographic
separations. The printing is done using cyan, magenta, yellow
and black inks, each requiring its own
negative; also called Process Color or Four Color Process.
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Color
Proofs
A set of color process proofs, consisting of proofs
of each color, singly and in combination with other colors,
as the job will be printed; also called Progressives
or Progs.
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Color
Scanner
Equipment used to make color separations by photoelectrically
reading the relative densities of the copy; also called Electronic
Scanner.
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Color-
Separated Visual
A visual that is output as color separations, instead
of as a composite. Controlled through Print dialog menu. These
visuals will image a single piece of paper
(plate) for each color used. Color-separating visuals is an excellent way to
check for proper color usage.
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Color
Separation
(1) In photography, the process of separating full
color originals into the primary printing colors, in negative
or positive form, with one piece of film
for each color.
(2) For some kinds of color reproduction a paste-up artist can preseparate
by using separate overlays for each color.
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Color
Swatch
A small, usually square, solid color block used
to furnish a sample of the actual ink color to be reproduced.
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Color
Transparency
A full color transparent positive on a transparent
support.
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Color
Trap
See: Trap.
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Comb
Binding
See: Plastic Comb Binding.
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Coming-and-Going
Imposition
An imposition that has right hand pages in sequence
from the front of the book to the end; the book is turned over
and all left hand pages are in sequence
and read from the back of the book to the front.
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Commercial
Perforation
A series of small slits, produced on a folder,
running parallel to the fold at the binding edge; it permits
paper to separate easily at the slits, to remove
pages from the book.
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Commercial
Register
Color printing on which the allowable misregister
is within one row of dots.
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Common
Pages
(1) In camera- ready copy, originals used for two
or more different publications, usually without change or with
very minor changes.
(2) In reference to offprints, a leaf (2 pages) required in more than one article.
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Complex
Mathematics
Copy to be set which includes multi-level equations,
scientific copy, Greek characters and technical symbols.
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Compose
(or Composing)
The process of setting type.
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Composite
Several pictures placed together to form a single, combined picture.
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Composite
Negative
A final negative which incorporates all reverses,
doubleburns, etc. previously made by means of Intermediate
Negatives; also called Combination Negative.
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Composition
Setting type; also called Typesetting.
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Compressability
The degree of pressure a sheet of paper can withstand and still return to its
original thickness.
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Compression
The process of manipulating the way data is stored through special
software that allows files to be stored more compactly.
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Computer
to Plate
A method in which offset printing plates are generated
directly from a digital files, bypassing the traditional film
output method of generating printing
plates
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Condensed
Face
A narrow version of a regular typeface; permits
more characters in a given measure; about 60% of the width
of standard characters.
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Confirming
Price
The price of an order, after all specifications
are finalized; does not include Author's Alterations or Overruns/Underruns.
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Confirming
Proof
A proof confirming to the customer how the page,
as shown by the proof, will print. No approval will be required
or expected.
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Contact
Print
A photographic print made from either a negative
or a positive exposed in contact with sensitized paper or film;
other common terms are PMT, T-Print, Stat, Contact
and Velox.
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Contact
Screen
A halftone screen made on a film base with a graduated
dot pattern; used in direct contact with the film, to obtain
a halftone negative from a continuous
tone original.
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Continuous
Tone
Any image which has not been screened and contains
gradient tones from black to white; may be a photograph, oil
painting, wash drawing, etc.
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Contrast
(1) The tonal gradations between the highlights, middletones
and shadows in an original or reproduction; also called Copy
Density Range.
(2) The relationship between the lightest and the darkest areas of an image.
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Copy
Any furnished material to be used for reproduction; also called
Camera-ready Copy.
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Copy
Dot
To photograph dot for dot; to exactly match previously
screened originals.
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Copy
Fitting
(1) Making copy fit a predetermined area.
(2) To determine the amount of copy that will fit
in a given area.
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Copy
Preparation
(1) In photomechanical processes, directions as
to size and other details for illustrations and the arrangement
into proper position of various parts of
the page to be photographed for reproduction.
(2) In typesetting, checking manuscript copy to insure a minimum of changes
after type is set.
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Corner
Marks
Open parts of squares ( _| |_ ) placed on original
copy as a positioning guide.
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Correction
Marks
See: Proofreader's Marks.
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Count
The quantity of sheets, signatures or finished books available for an order.
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Cover
1
Outside front cover.
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Cover
2
Inside front cover.
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Cover
3
Inside back cover.
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Cover
4
Outside back cover.
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Paper
A designation for a wide variety of papers durable
enough to be used as book covers.
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Crack-n-Peel
Labels or pockets to have paper peeled off and to be applied
to a surface.
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Crop
To eliminate certain areas of a photograph or other artwork.
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Crop
Marks
Marks along the margins of an illustration, used
to indicate the portion of the illustration to be reproduced.
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Cross
Platform
Refers to any file that can be transferred between
two or more operating systems. PDF files are cross platform
in nature because the same PDF file created on
a PC can be read and interpreted on a Macintosh.
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Crossline
Screen
In halftone photography, a grid pattern with opaque
lines crossing each other at right angles, thus forming transparent
squares, or screen apertures; classified
by the number of lines per inch; also called Glass Screen. See also: Halftone
Screen and Contact Screen.
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CTP
Computer-to-plate technology of printing.
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Customer
Furnished (CF)
Any material supplied by a customer (Examples:
paper, printed covers, mailing labels, etc.).
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Cut-In
Head
A heading placed in a box of white space fitted
in at the side of a typeset page.
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Cutoff
Printed copy or artwork either completely or partially missing
from the printed sheet or trimmed book.
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Cutout
In negative flat preparation, openings cut through the goldenrod
or masking paper to produce the exposure areas needed on the
negatives for plate exposure;
also called Window.
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Cyan
A blueish color used along with Yellow, Magenta, and Black in
the four color print process |
