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Ragged
Left
In typesetting, type that is justified to the right margin, unjustified on
the left.
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Ragged
Right
In typesetting, type that is justified to the left margin, unjustified on the
right; also called Unjustified.
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Raster
Image
An image displayed as a series of lines of dots or video
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Raster
Image Processor (RIP)
The device (either hardware or software) that allows output devices to plot
dots to film, plate, paper, or other substrates. Involves a process whereby
a raster scan technique assembles an electronic page in a bitmapped format
on a pixel-by-pixel basis.
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Ream
500 sheets of paper, regardless of size.
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Rebind
To bind again a book previously bound; usually used in reference to a book
taken apart for use as camera-ready copy, which must then be assembled
in the original order and recovered using the original case.
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Reconsignment
A shipping term for the act of changing Bill of Lading provisions as to consignee.
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Recto
A right-hand page of a book; usually odd numbered.
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Recycled
Paper
Paper made from old paper pulp; used paper is cooked in chemicals and reduced
back to pulp, after it is de-inked.
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Red
Patch
A piece of red or black material placed on camera-ready copy to photograph
as a clear window in the line negative, for placement of a halftone negative
without the need for stripping; also called Black Patch.
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Redact
See: Edit.
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Reduction
Wheel
See: Proportion Rule.
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Reflection
Copy
Any image viewed by means of light reflected off its surface.
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Reflection
Densitometer
A device used to measure and control color proofs and sheets printed with color
bars. Ink strength, dot gain and ink trapping are measured on printed sheets.
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Register
(1) Accurate alignment of plates, film or color separations one over the other,
in order to produce a single image effect.
(2) In photo-reproduction and color printing, fitting two or more printing
images on the same paper in exact alignment with each other.
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Register
Marks
(1) Small crosses, guides or patterns applied to originals before reproduction;
used for positioning negatives in register; also called Crossmarks.
(2) Similar marks added to a negative flat to print along the margins of a
press sheet; used as a guide for correct alignment, backing and color register
in printing; also called Guide Marks.
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Registered
Mail
Domestic first class, air or priority mail may be registered with an indemnity
limit of $10,000. Registered mail provides for a receipt to the customer at
the time of mailing and a Post Office record of the mailing. For an additional
charge, a proof-of-delivery receipt is returned to the mailer.
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Registration
Printed material in which two or more colors are in specific alignment with
each other.
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Reinforced
Endsheets
A strip of muslin tape applied around the fold of the first and last signatures
of a book and their respective endsheets, to reinforce the paper and add strength
to the binding; sometimes called Guarded Signatures. See also: Wrap Reinforced
Endsheets.
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Relative
Units
In phototypsetting, the unit system used for letter width and spacing material
which, in physical size, is relative to the type size being used. An em space
contains 18 relative units. If the type size is 18 point, each unit will be
1 point. If the type size is 9 point, there are still 18 units in each em space,
but they are each only 1/2 point in width.
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Repeatability
The ability to keep photo film and the images their on in proper register.
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Reply
Card
See: Return Card.
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Reprint
To print again, from standing negatives, with or without corrections; also
called Rerun.
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Reprints
Articles for which negatives are relaid so the articles are produced in booklet
form. The quantities for a number of different booklets on an order do
not have to be the same. See also: Offprints.
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Reproduction
Proof (Repro)
Carefully printed proofs from type forms; used as camera copy for reproduction.
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Reproduction
Ratio
See: Camera Setting.
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Re-purposed
Deliverables
Files that, after being saved in a different format, are used for completely
different purposes I.e., high-resolution CMYK TIFF files used
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Rerun
See: Reprint.
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Rescreen
A halftone negative of a previously screened and printed halftone, made with
the aid of a diffusion filter placed on the front of the lens.
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Residential
Delivery
Delivery by a carrier to a home address. There is an additional charge for
this service.
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Resiliency
The property of paper which causes it to resist deformation and to wholly or
partially return to its original dimension from any distortion resulting
from an outside applied stress.
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Resolution
On printed media, it is the number of dots per inch; on a video monitor, it
is the number of pixels per unit of measurement. In general, the higher
the dpi, the sharper the image.
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Return
Card
A response device included in a mailing piece for reader's convenience in replying
to an offer; also called Reply Card.
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Reversal
Processing
The processing of an exposed film so that it will become a positive instead
of a negative (or conversely).
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Reverse
Type appearing in white on a black or color background or in a dark area of
a photograph; also called Dropout, Dropout Type or Knock Out.
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Reverse
Overlay
Copy, pasted on an overlay, which is to be reversed.
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Revised
Edition
A new edition of a previously published book containing updated or supplementary
material.
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Revised
Proof
Any proof required after an earlier proof has been read and corrections made.
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Rework
Correction of a printer error or shortage.
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RGB
(Red, Green, Blue)
The additive primary colors which are used in video monitors, as opposed to
the subtractive primaries (yellow, magenta, cyan, and black), which are used
in four-color printing.
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Right
Reading Image
Any image that is correctly read from right to left.
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Right-Angle
Fold
In binding, a term used for two or more folds, each at right (90 degree) angles
to the preceding fold.
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Ring
Binder
A looseleaf mechanism comprised of a metal housing to which heavy wire rings
are attached. These rings open in the center. They are available with a variety
of opening mechanisms, as well as a variety of shapes, finishes and spacing.
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RIP
(Raster Image Processor)
Part of an output device or imagesetter that converts information into the
dot pattern that will be imaged onto film or paper. Sometimes referred to as
the imagesetter's engine.
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River
A streak of white space in printed matter, resulting when the spaces between
words in several lines happen to occur almost one below the other.
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River
of White
vertical patterns that can emerge when multiple lines of type are set and word
spaces from several continuous lines align with each other. This situation
is usually observed when type is set on smaller columns.
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RLE
An acronym that stands for Run Length Encoding. This compression can be applied
to monochrome images in the conversion to PDF. It is most effective on
images with large areas of black or white.
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Roman
Referring to a font; upright and perpendicular to the baseline
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Roman
Numerals
Numerals made up by letter combinations, such as iv for the Arabic number 4;
often used for numbering preliminary pages in a book.
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Roman
Type
A regular type face, as opposed to the italic or bold version of the same type
face.
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Rosette
The pattern created when all for CMYK color halftone screens are printed at
traditional angles, shown to produce the best results in printed color
output. The rosette pattern is noticeable only under magnification.
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Rounding
and Backing
In case binding, the process of rounding gives books a convex spine and a concave
fore-edge. The process of backing makes the spine wider than the rest by the
thickness of the covers, thus providing a shoulder against which the boards
of the front and back covers fit (i.e., the crease or joint).
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RPS
(Roadway Package Service)
A package delivery service, similar to UPS.
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RSC
(Regular Slotted Container)
A corrugated container with closing flaps on the top and bottom.
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Rub-Off
(1) Ink on printed sheets, after sufficient drying, which smears or comes off
on the fingers when handled.
(2) Ink which comes off the cover during shipment and transfers to other covers
or to the shipping carton or mailer; also called Scuffing.
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Rub-Proof
An ink that has reached maximum dryness and does not mar with normal abrasion.
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Rubylith
A separable two-layer acetate film of red or amber emulsion on a clear base.
It has dozens of uses in graphics, most often for color separations by
hand.
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Rules
Vertical or horizontal lines on a page; may be done by typesetting, drawn by
hand, or scribed on a negative.
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Run
The total number of copies ordered (length of run).
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Runability
The characteristic of paper in terms of how well it performs on press.
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Run-around
A description of type set to fit around a picture or other element of the page.
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Run-In
Head
A heading which is part of the first line of text it refers to.
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Running
Foot
Same as Running Head, except placement is at the bottom (foot) of the page.
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Running
Head
A headline or title repeated at the top of each page, for the quick reference
of the reader.
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